Monday, April 24, 2023

The Lord of the Rings: The King of the Golden Hall [Part Five]

Gandalf and Theoden look out over Rohan. It is dark with passing rain, but suddenly a shaft of sunlight stabs down, making the distant river shimmer.

‘It is not so dark there,’ said Theoden.’

And you’re not so old as some would have you think, says Gandalf. Cast aside your cane!

Theoden lets it drop and stands slowly to his true height, until he stands tall and straight, looking at the sky with clear blue eyes. ‘Dark have been my dreams of late … but I feel as one new-awakened.’ He wishes Gandalf had come before; he fears that now his kingdom will not stand long. What can he do?

Much, says Gandalf, but first of all to send for his nephew Eomer, who has been imprisoned on the word of his evil counsellor Wormtongue. Theoden calls for Hama, the doorwarden, to fetch him. While they wait for him to return, Gandalf leads him to a stone seat, sits him down, and begins encouraging him despite the darkness that surrounds them. ‘But see! You dream no longer! You live. Gondor and Rohan do not stand alone. The enemy our reckoning, at which he has not guessed.’

With Aragorn, Gimli, and Legolas standing nearby, Gandalf quickly and quietly tells him of Frodo’s quest to destroy the ring. Theoden’s eyes grow brighter and he stands and looks to the east. ‘That way lies our hope,’ Gandalf says, and the other three turn their thoughts to Frodo and the slender thread from which hangs their hope.

Slowly Theoden sits down again, as if weighted down with weariness. His age is not only imaginary. Gandalf suggests that he would feel his old strength better, if he held his sword again. Theoden reaches to his side, but Wormtongue has long ago spirited it away and hidden it.

‘Take this, dear lord!’ said a clear voice. It is Eomer, with Hama; the warden, in his happiness, has already restored his weapon. Theoden sternly what’s going on here, and the two men are astounded to find him proud and erect. Hama, trembling, explains why he gave the freed Eomer his sword, which the warrior now offers to Theoden again.

The king takes it, and strength and firmness seems to flow into his arm. He raises the blade and gives a great cry, a chant in the tongue of Rohan, calling his army to war. His guards come in, amazed, and lay their swords at his feet. ‘Command us!’

Eomer expresses his joy, and Theoden hands back his sword, sending Hama to fetch his own blade from Wormtongue. The King asks Gandalf what his counsel would be now. Gandalf has a ready answer: what he’s doing now. Trust Eomer, cast aside fear and regret, destroy the threat of Saruman – if they can, and if they prevail, no rest but on to the next task. But first, he must send the women and children, and the old to a safe place.

Theoden agrees, and commands all his folk to be made ready. Meanwhile his guests should eat and have a place prepared for them to rest. But Aragorn says, ‘There is no rest yet for the weary… axe, sword, and bow’ shall ride with them that very day. Besides, he had promised Eomer that they should draw swords together, which pleases the young warrior who says that now there is hope indeed.

Gandalf urges Theoden to quickly lead his people to the refuge, but Theoden says that Gandalf’s skill in healing is better than the wizard thinks: the King himself will lead the army into the battle, ‘to fall in the front of battle, if it must be. Thus shall I sleep better.’  Gandalf asks who then shall lead his people?

‘I will take thought of that ere I go,’ answered Theoden. ‘Here comes my counsellor.’

 

Bits and Bobs

The fact that Gandalf already trusts Theoden enough to tell him their ‘secret hope’ helps to further encourage the ancient king and stiffen his spine. Gandalf promises him neither sureties nor absolute success: even if they win against Saruman, it is on to the next task.

“In December 1954, [Hugh] Brogan wrote to Tolkien to criticize the archaic style used in The Two Towers. Tolkien did not reply. On 18 September 1955 Brogan wrote to apologize for being "impertinent, stupid, or sycophantic". Tolkien began the following draft, but instead sent a note stating that the matter of archaism would take too long to debate and must await their next meeting.

“Tolkien dismissed Brogan's self-accusations of impertinency and sycophancy and said that anyone so appreciative and perceptive is entitled to criticism. That said, Tolkien did say that he felt pain when deliberate "archaism" is dismissed in an age when authors manhandle English in the name of art or "personal expression". "Tushery" was properly applied to bogus "medieval" stuff where those without knowledge inserted expletives such as tush, pish, zounds, and marry. Real archaic English is far more terse than modern and can say things that our slack and frivolous idioms cannot.

“Tolkien took one of Brogan's examples: "'Nay, Gandalf!' said the King. 'You do not know your own skill in healing. It shall not be so. I myself shall go to war, to fall in the front of the battle, if it must be. Thus shall I sleep better.'" Real archaic English would have begun: "Nay, thou wost not thine own skill in healing…" In modern English it would become: "Not at all my dear Gandalf. You don't know your own skill as a doctor…I shall go to the war in person, even if I have to be one of the first casualties."

"Then what?" asked Tolkien. "Thus shall I sleep better" is not a modern idiom or thought. To express it in a modern way would be longer and more insincere: "I should sleep sounder in my grave like that rather than if I stayed at home." The modern expression is more bogus that what seemed false archaism. Another example was Tolkien's description of the arming of the guests, which had upset Brogan. But such "heroic" scenes do not occur in a modern setting, so why not use the wealth of English that gives a choice of styles?”  - from Tolkien Gateway, quoting from The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien, Letter 171.


 

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